Yintoni iAnthocyanin?

Uhlobo lwee-Anthocyanins
Ii-Anthocyanins zikwiqela leekhompawundi ezaziwa ngokuba zii-flavonoids, eziluhlobo lwe-polyphenol. Zii-pigment ezinyibilikayo emanzini ezifumaneka kwi-vacuoles zeeseli zezityalo. Umbala wee-anthocyanins uyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwi-pH yendawo, imibala ebomvu ibonakala kwiimeko ze-asidi kunye nemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwiimeko ze-alkaline. Olu phawu lukhethekileyo lwenza ii-anthocyanins zibe luncedo njengezalathisi ze-pH zendalo.
Ii-anthocyanins zenziwe ngesakhiwo esingundoqo esibizwa ngokuba yi-anthocyanidin, esinamathele kwimolekyuli enye okanye ezingaphezulu zeswekile. Ii-anthocyanidin eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-cyanidin, i-delphinidin, i-pelargonidin, i-peonidin, i-petunidin, kunye ne-malvidin. Ezi anthocyanidin zinokufumaneka kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo kunye nobungakanani kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo yezityalo, nto leyo ekhokelela kuluhlu olubanzi lwemibala kunye neempawu zeekhemikhali.

Imithombo ye-Anthocyanins
Ii-Anthocyanins zisasazeke kakhulu kwindalo kwaye zinokufumaneka kwiziqhamo ezininzi, imifuno, kunye neentyatyambo. Eminye yemithombo etyebileyo yee-anthocyanins ibandakanya amaqunube afana neeblueberries, iiblackberries, iiraspberries, kunye neestrawberry. Ezinye iziqhamo ezifana neecherry, iidiliya, kunye neeplum nazo ziqulathe inani elikhulu lee-anthocyanins. Ukongeza kwiziqhamo, imifuno efana nekhaphetshu ebomvu, itswele elibomvu, kunye nee-eggplants ziindawo ezilungileyo zezi pigments.
Umbala weentyatyambo, ingakumbi kwimibala ebomvu, emfusa, neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, udla ngokubangelwa bubukho bee-anthocyanins. Imizekelo yeentyatyambo ezityebileyo kwii-anthocyanins ibandakanya iirozi, ii-pansies, kunye nee-petunias. Ukwahlukahluka kwemithombo yezityalo equlethe ii-anthocyanins kunika amathuba amaninzi okufaka ezi zinto kukutya kwabantu.

Iingenelo zeMpilo ze-Anthocyanins
Ii-Anthocyanins ziye zaphandwa kakhulu ngenxa yeenzuzo zazo zempilo. Ezi khompawundi zineempawu ezinamandla ze-antioxidant, ezinceda ukukhusela iiseli kumonakalo we-oxidative obangelwa zii-free radicals. Uxinzelelo lwe-oxidative luye lwanxulunyaniswa nezifo ezahlukeneyo ezingapheliyo, kubandakanya umhlaza, izifo zentliziyo, kunye neengxaki ze-neurodegenerative. Ngokuthomalalisa ii-free radicals, ii-anthocyanins zinegalelo ekuthinteleni ezi zifo.
Ukongeza kwimiphumo yazo yokulwa ne-antioxidant, ii-anthocyanins zibonakalisiwe zineempawu zokulwa nokuvuvukala. Ukudumba okungapheliyo yinto eqhelekileyo kwizifo ezininzi, kwaye amandla ee-anthocyanins okunciphisa ukudumba anokuba nefuthe elihle kwimpilo iyonke. Izifundo zikwabonise ukuba ii-anthocyanins zinokuxhasa impilo yentliziyo ngokuphucula ukusebenza kwemithambo yegazi kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo.
Ngaphezu koko, ii-anthocyanins zinxulunyaniswa nokusebenza kakuhle kwengqondo kunye nempilo yengqondo. Uphando lubonise ukuba ezi zinto zinokunceda ekukhuseleni ukwehla kwengqondo okunxulumene nobudala kunye nezifo ze-neurodegenerative ezifana ne-Alzheimer's kunye ne-Parkinson's. Iziphumo ezinokuthi zikhusele i-neuroprotective ze-anthocyanins zenza ukuba zibe yindawo enomdla yokufunda yokuthintela nokulawula iingxaki ze-neurological.

Izicelo ezinokubakho ze-Anthocyanins
Iingenelo zempilo ze-anthocyanins zikhokelele ekubeni zifakwe kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo zokutya neziselo. Izicatshulwa ezityebileyo ze-anthocyanin zisetyenziswa njengezinto zokufaka imibala zendalo zokutya, zibonelela ngenye indlela kwiidayi zokwenziwa. Ezi pigment zendalo zisetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukubonakala kweemveliso ezifana neejusi, iiyogathi, ii-ayisikhrim, kunye nezinto ze-confectionery. Imfuno yezithako zendalo nezicocekileyo iqhubele phambili ukusetyenziswa kwe-anthocyanins kwishishini lokutya.

Ukongeza ekusetyenzisweni kwazo njengezinto ezifaka imibala ekutyeni, ii-anthocyanins ziyahlolwa ukuze zisetyenziswe kunyango. Izicatshulwa eziqulethe amanqanaba aphezulu e-anthocyanins ziyafundwa ngenxa yendima yazo ekuphuhlisweni kokutya okusebenzayo kunye nezongezo zokutya ezijolise ekukhuthazeni impilo nokuphila kakuhle. Ishishini lamayeza likwaphanda amandla e-anthocyanins ekuphuhlisweni kwamayeza amatsha kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zempilo.

Ngaphezu koko, ishishini lezinto zokuthambisa libonakalise umdla kwi-anthocyanins ngenxa yeempawu zazo zokulwa ne-antioxidant kunye ne-anti-inflammatory. Ezi zinto zifakwa kwiimveliso zokhathalelo lolusu ukuze zikhuseleke kwizinto ezibangela uxinzelelo lokusingqongileyo kunye nokukhuthaza impilo yolusu. Imvelaphi yendalo kunye nemiphumo emihle ye-anthocyanins zenza zibe zizithako ezinomtsalane zokwenza iimveliso zokuthambisa.

Isiphelo
Ii-Anthocyanins ziimibala yendalo ezifumaneka kwizityalo ezahlukeneyo, zibonelela ngemibala eqaqambileyo kunye neenzuzo ezininzi zempilo. Iimpembelelo zazo zokulwa ne-antioxidant, ezichasene nokuvuvukala, kunye nemiphumo enokubakho yokukhusela imithambo-luvo zenza zibe ziikhompawundi ezixabisekileyo zokukhuthaza impilo kunye nokuphila kakuhle. Njengoko uphando luqhubeka lufumanisa ukusetyenziswa okunokwenzeka kwee-anthocyanins, ubukho bazo ekutyeni, kwiziselo, kumayeza nakwiimveliso zobuhle bunokwanda, nto leyo enika abathengi ukufikelela kwiingenelo zezi khompawundi zimangalisayo.

Iireferensi:
He, J., Giusti, MM (2010). IiAnthocyanins: Izinto ezifaka imibala zendalo ezineempawu ezikhuthaza impilo. Uhlolo loNyaka lweSayensi yoKutya kunye neTekhnoloji, 1, 163-187.
Wallace, TC, Giusti, MM (2015). IiAnthocyanins. Inkqubela phambili kwiSondlo, 6(5), 620-622.
Pojer, E., Mattivi, F., Johnson, D., Stockley, CS (2013). Ityala lokusetyenziswa kwe-Anthocyanin ukukhuthaza impilo yoluntu: Uphononongo. Uphononongo olupheleleyo kwiSayensi yokutya kunye noKhuseleko loKutya, 12(5), 483-508.