I. Intshayelelo
A. Ukubaluleka Kwezinto Ezibangela Iswekile Ekutyeni Kwanamhlanje
Izithambisi zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekutyeni kwanamhlanje njengoko zisetyenziswa kakhulu ukuphucula incasa yokutya okuhlukeneyo neziselo. Nokuba yiswekile, izithambisi zokwenziwa, ii-alcohols zeswekile, okanye izithambisi zendalo, ezi zongezo zibonelela ngobumnandi ngaphandle kokongeza iikhalori zeswekile, nto leyo ezenza zibe luncedo ekulawuleni isifo seswekile, ukutyeba kakhulu, okanye ukuzama nje ukunciphisa ukutya okunekhalori, abantu baxabiseke kakhulu. Ukongeza, izithambisi zisetyenziswa ekuveliseni iimveliso ezahlukeneyo zokutya nezo zilungele isifo seswekile, ngaloo ndlela zibonisa impembelelo yazo ebalulekileyo kushishino lokutya lwanamhlanje.
B. Injongo kunye nolwakhiwo lwesikhokelo
Esi sikhokelo sibanzi senzelwe ukubonelela ngombono onzulu ngeencasa ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo kwimarike. Esi sikhokelo siza kugubungela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeencasa, kubandakanya iincasa zokwenziwa ezifana ne-aspartame, i-acesulfame potassium, kunye ne-sucralose, kunye nee-sugar alcohols ezifana ne-erythritol, i-mannitol, kunye ne-xylitol. Ukongeza, siza kuphonononga iincasa ezinqabileyo nezingaqhelekanga ezifana ne-L-arabinose, i-L-fucose, i-L-rhamnose, i-mogroside, kunye ne-thaumatin, sityhila ukusetyenziswa kwazo kunye nokufumaneka kwazo. Ukongeza, iincasa zendalo ezifana ne-stevia kunye ne-trehalose ziya kuxutyushwa. Esi sikhokelo siza kuthelekisa iincasa ngokusekelwe kwimiphumo yempilo, amanqanaba encasa, kunye nokusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo, sinike abafundi umbono opheleleyo wokubanceda benze ukhetho olunolwazi. Okokugqibela, esi sikhokelo siza kubonelela ngezinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe kunye neengcebiso, kubandakanya imiqathango yokutya kunye nokusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo kweencasa ezahlukeneyo, kunye neebhrendi kunye nemithombo ecetyiswayo. Esi sikhokelo senzelwe ukunceda abantu benze izigqibo ezinolwazi xa bekhetha iincasa zokusetyenziswa komntu okanye kobuchwephesha.
II. Izithambisi zokwenziwa
Izithambisi zokwenziwa zizinto ezithatha indawo yeswekile eyenziweyo ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza ukutya neziselo zibe mnandi ngaphandle kokongeza iikhalori. Zimnandi kaninzi kuneswekile, ngoko ke kufuneka isixa esincinci kuphela. Imizekelo eqhelekileyo ibandakanya i-aspartame, i-sucralose, kunye ne-saccharin.
A. I-Aspartame
I-Aspartameyenye yezona sweeteners zokwenziwa ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela kwaye ifumaneka rhoqo kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo ezingenaswekile okanye "zokutya". Imnandi ngokuphindwe kayi-200 kuneswekile kwaye idla ngokusetyenziswa kunye nezinye iisweeteners ukulinganisa incasa yeswekile. I-Aspartame yenziwe ngee-amino acids ezimbini, i-aspartic acid, kunye ne-phenylalanine, ezidityaniswe kunye. Xa ityiwa, i-aspartame iyahlukana ibe zii-amino acids zayo, i-methanol, kunye ne-phenylalanine. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba i-aspartame kufuneka iphetshwe ngabantu abane-phenylketonuria (PKU), isifo esingaqhelekanga semfuza, njengoko bengenakukwazi ukunyibilikisa i-phenylalanine. I-Aspartame yaziwa ngomxholo wayo ophantsi weekhalori, okwenza ukuba ibe lukhetho oludumileyo kubantu abafuna ukunciphisa ukutya kwabo iswekile kunye nokutya iikhalori.
B. I-Acesulfame Potassium
I-Acesulfame potassium, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-Acesulfame K okanye i-Ace-K, sisinongo esenziwe ngokwenziwa esingenazo iikhalori esinobumnandi obuphindwe kangangama-200 kuneswekile. Sihlala sishushu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba sifaneleke ukusetyenziswa ekubhakeni nasekuphekeni. I-Acesulfame potassium idla ngokusetyenziswa kunye nezinye izinongo ukuze inike iprofayili yobumnandi obupheleleyo. Ayigaywa ngumzimba kwaye ikhutshwa ingatshintshanga, nto leyo enegalelo kwimeko yayo ye-zero-calories. I-Acesulfame potassium ivunyiwe ukuba isetyenziswe kumazwe amaninzi kwihlabathi liphela kwaye ifumaneka rhoqo kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya iziselo ezibandayo, iidizethi, itshizi, nokunye.
C. Sucralose
I-Sucralose sisithambisi sokwenziwa esingenazo iikhalori esinobumnandi obuphindwe kangangama-600 kuneswekile. Yaziwa ngokuzinza kwayo kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ifaneleke ukusetyenziswa ekuphekeni nasekubhakeni. I-Sucralose ifumaneka kwiswekile ngenkqubo enamanyathelo amaninzi ethatha indawo yamaqela amathathu e-hydrogen-oxygen kwimolekyuli yeswekile ngeeathom ze-chlorine. Olu tshintsho luthintela umzimba ekubeni uyigaye, nto leyo ebangela impembelelo encinci yeekhalori. I-Sucralose idla ngokusetyenziswa njengesithambisi esizimeleyo kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo zokutya neziselo, kubandakanya ii-diet sodas, izinto ezibhakiweyo, kunye neemveliso zobisi.
Ezi sweeteners zokwenziwa zibonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kubantu abafuna ukunciphisa iswekile kunye nokutya iikhalori ngelixa besanandipha ukutya okumnandi kunye neziselo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuzisebenzisa ngokulinganisela kwaye uqwalasele imiba yempilo yomntu ngamnye xa uzifaka ekutyeni okunesondlo.
III. Iiswekile ezinxilisayo
Ii-alcohols ezineswekile, ezaziwa ngokuba zii-polyols, luhlobo lweswiti eyenzeka ngokwendalo kwezinye iziqhamo kunye nemifuno, kodwa inokwenziwa ithengiswe. Zihlala zisetyenziswa njengezithathi-ndawo zeswekile kwiimveliso ezingenaswekile kunye neekhalori eziphantsi. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-erythritol, i-xylitol, kunye ne-sorbitol.
A. I-Erythritol
I-Erythritol yi-alcohol yeswekile efumaneka ngokwemvelo kwiziqhamo ezithile kunye nokutya okubilisiweyo. Ikwaveliswa ngorhwebo ngokubiliswa kweglucose yimvubelo. I-Erythritol imnandi malunga ne-70% njengeswekile kwaye inefuthe lokuphola kulwimi xa ityiwa, njenge-mint. Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili ze-erythritol kukuba iphantsi kakhulu kwiikhalori kwaye inefuthe elincinci kumanqanaba eswekile egazini, okwenza ithandwe ngabantu abalandela ukutya okune-carb ephantsi okanye i-ketogenic. Ukongeza, i-erythritol inyanyezelwa kakuhle ngabantu abaninzi kwaye ayibangeli ukuphazamiseka kwesisu okunokunxulunyaniswa nezinye ii-alcohol zeswekile. Isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo njengendawo yeswekile ekubhakeni, kwiziselo, nakwi-sweetener yetafile.
B. Mannitol
I-Mannitol yi-alcohol yeswekile efumaneka ngokwemvelo kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zeziqhamo nemifuno. Imalunga nama-60% ukuya kuma-70% njengeswekile kwaye idla ngokusetyenziswa njenge-sweetener eninzi kwiimveliso ezingenaswekile nezincitshisiweyo. I-Mannitol inefuthe lokuphola xa ityiwa kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-chewing gum, kwiilekese eziqinileyo, nakwiimveliso zamayeza. Ikwasetyenziswa njenge-laxative engavuseleliyo ngenxa yokukwazi kwayo ukutsala amanzi kumathumbu amakhulu, inceda ekuhambiseni amathumbu. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwe-mannitol kunokukhokelela ekungonwabi kwesisu kunye norhudo kwabanye abantu.
C. Xylitol
I-Xylitol yi-alcohol yeswekile edla ngokukhutshwa kwimithi ye-birch okanye iveliswe kwezinye izinto zezityalo ezifana ne-corn cobs. Imnandi njengeswekile kwaye inencasa efanayo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yindawo ethandwayo yeswekile kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa. I-Xylitol ine-calories ephantsi kuneswekile kwaye inefuthe elincinci kumanqanaba eswekile egazini, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ifaneleke kubantu abanesifo seswekile okanye abo balandela ukutya okune-carb ephantsi. I-Xylitol yaziwa ngokukwazi kwayo ukuthintela ukukhula kweebhaktheriya, ngakumbi i-Streptococcus mutans, enokubangela ukubola kwamazinyo. Le propati yenza i-xylitol ibe sisithako esiqhelekileyo kwiintsini ezingenaswekile, ii-mints, kunye neemveliso zokhathalelo lomlomo.
D. Maltitol
I-Maltitol lutywala oluneswekile olusetyenziswa kakhulu endaweni yeswekile kwiimveliso ezingenaswekile nezingenaswekile. Imnandi malunga nama-90% njengeswekile kwaye idla ngokusetyenziswa ukubonelela ngobuninzi kunye nobumnandi kwiimveliso ezifana netshokholethi, iilekese, kunye neempahla ezibhakiweyo. I-Maltitol inencasa kunye nobume obufanayo neswekile, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe lukhetho oludumileyo lokwenza iinguqulelo ezingenaswekile zezinto zesintu eziphekiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwe-maltitol kunokukhokelela ekungonwabi kwamathumbu kunye nemiphumo yokukhupha isisu, ingakumbi kubantu abanobuthathaka kwi-sugar alcohols.
Ezi alcohols zineswekile zibonelela ngezinye iindlela endaweni yeswekile yendabuko kubantu abafuna ukunciphisa ukutya kwabo iswekile okanye ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini. Xa zisetyenziswa ngokulinganisela, iialcohols zineswekile zinokuba yinxalenye yokutya okunempilo nokulinganayo kubantu abaninzi. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukunyamezelana komntu ngamnye kunye nayo nayiphi na imiphumo enokubakho yokugaya ukutya xa uzibandakanya ekutyeni.
IV. Izithambisi ezingaqhelekanga nezingaqhelekanga
Izithambisi ezingaqhelekanga nezingaqhelekanga zibhekisa kwizinto ezithambisi ezingasetyenziswa kakhulu okanye ezithengiswayo. Ezi zinokubandakanya iikhompawundi zendalo okanye izicatshulwa ezineempawu zokuthambisi ezingafumaneki rhoqo kwimarike. Imizekelo ingabandakanya i-mogroside evela kwi-monk fruit, i-thaumatin evela kwi-katemfe fruit, kunye neeswekile ezahlukeneyo ezinqabileyo ezifana ne-L-arabinose kunye ne-L-fucose.
A. L-Arabinose
I-L-arabinose yiswekile ye-pentose yendalo, efumaneka kakhulu kwizityalo ezifana ne-hemicellulose kunye ne-pectin. Yiswekile engaqhelekanga kwaye ayisetyenziswa rhoqo njengeswiti kwishishini lokutya. Nangona kunjalo, ifumene ingqalelo kwiingenelo zayo zempilo, kubandakanya indima yayo ekuthinteleni ukufunxwa kwe-sucrose yokutya kunye nokunciphisa amanqanaba eglucose egazini emva kokutya. I-L-arabinose iyafundwa ukuze isetyenziswe ekulawuleni amanqanaba eswekile egazini kunye nokuxhasa ulawulo lobunzima. Nangona uphando olongezelelweyo lufuneka ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo imiphumo yayo kwimpilo yabantu, i-L-arabinose yiswiti enomdla enezicelo ezinokubakho ekuphuhlisweni kweemveliso zokuthambisa ezinempilo.
B. L-Fucose
I-L-fucose yiswekile ephuma kwi-deoxy efumaneka kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo yendalo, kuquka ulwandle olumdaka, iifungi ezithile, kunye nobisi lwezilwanyana ezincancisayo. Nangona ingasetyenziswa rhoqo njengeswiti, i-L-fucose iye yafundwa ngenxa yeengenelo zayo zempilo, ngakumbi ekuxhaseni ukusebenza komzimba kunye ne-prebiotic kwiintsholongwane eziluncedo emathunjini. Ikwaphandwa ngeempawu zayo zokulwa nokuvuvukala kunye nokulwa nomhlaza. Ngenxa yokungaqhelekanga kwayo kunye nemiphumo enokubakho kwimpilo, i-L-fucose yindawo enomdla kuphando olongezelelweyo kwicandelo lesondlo kunye nempilo.
C. L-Rhamnose
I-L-rhamnose yiswekile ye-deoxy efumaneka ngokwendalo efumaneka kwizityalo ezahlukeneyo, kuquka iziqhamo, imifuno, kunye nezityalo zamayeza. Nangona ingasetyenziswa kakhulu njengeswiti, i-L-rhamnose iye yafundwa ngenxa yeempawu zayo ze-prebiotic, ikhuthaza ukukhula kweebhaktheriya eziluncedo emathunjini kwaye inokuxhasa impilo yokugaya ukutya. Ukongeza, i-L-rhamnose iphononongwa ngenxa yezicelo zayo ezinokubakho ekulweni nosulelo lweebhaktheriya kunye ne-arhente yokulwa nokuvuvukala. Ukunqaba kwayo kunye neenzuzo zayo zempilo ezinokubakho kwenza i-L-rhamnose ibe yindawo enomdla yophando malunga nokusetyenziswa kwayo ekutyeni nakwizinto ezongezelelweyo.
D. Mogroside V
I-Mogroside V yinxalenye efumaneka kwisiqhamo seSiraitia grosvenorii, esaziwa kakhulu ngokuba sisiqhamo se-monk. Sisinongo esinqabileyo nesivela ngokwemvelo esimnandi kakhulu kuneswekile, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe lukhetho oludumileyo njengotshintsho lweswekile yendalo. I-Mogroside V ifundwe ngeenzuzo zayo zempilo, kubandakanya iipropati ze-antioxidant kunye nokukwazi kwayo ukuxhasa ulawulo lweswekile egazini. Ihlala isetyenziswa kunye nezinye izinongo ukuphucula ubumnandi ngelixa inciphisa umxholo weswekile iyonke ekutyeni naseziseloni. Ngomdla okhulayo kwizinongo zendalo, i-mogroside V ifumene ingqalelo ngenxa yencasa yayo eyahlukileyo kunye neepropati ezinokubangela impilo.
E. Thaumatin
I-Thaumatin sisithambisi esisekelwe kwiproteni esithathwe kwisiqhamo sesityalo i-katemfe (i-Thaumatococcus daniellii). Inencasa emnandi kwaye imnandi kakhulu kuneswekile, nto leyo evumela ukuba isetyenziswe ngobuninzi bayo njengento ethatha indawo yeswekile. I-Thaumatin inenzuzo yokuba nencasa ecocekileyo nemnandi ngaphandle kwencasa ekrakra emva koko edla ngokunxulunyaniswa nezithambisi ezenziweyo. Ikwahlala ishushu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ifaneleke ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokutya neziselo. Ukongeza, i-thaumatin iphandwa ngezibonelelo zayo zempilo, kubandakanya iipropati zayo zokulwa ne-antimicrobial kunye ne-antioxidant, kunye nendima yayo enokubakho ekulawuleni inkanuko.
Ezi sweeteners zinqabileyo nezingaqhelekanga zibonelela ngeempawu ezahlukeneyo kunye neenzuzo ezinokubakho kwimpilo, nto leyo ezenza zibe yindawo enomdla kuphando olongezelelekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa okunokwenzeka kwishishini lokutya neziselo. Nangona zisenokungaqatshelwa ngokubanzi njengeesweeteners zemveli, iimpawu zazo ezizodwa kunye nemiphumo yazo yempilo enokubakho zizenza zibe ziinketho ezinomdla kubantu abafuna ezinye iindlela zokwenza iisweeteners ezisempilweni.
V. Izinto ezibangela iintlungu zendalo
Izithambisi zendalo zizinto ezifumaneka kwizityalo okanye kwezinye izinto zendalo ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza ukutya neziselo zibe mnandi. Zihlala zithathwa njengezinye iindlela ezinempilo endaweni yezithambisi zokwenziwa kunye neswekile. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-stevia, i-Trehalose, ubusi, i-agave nectar, kunye ne-maple syrup.
A. Stevioside
I-Stevioside sisithambisi sendalo esithathwe kumagqabi esityalo iStevia rebaudiana, esivela eMzantsi Melika. Saziwa ngobumnandi baso obukhulu, malunga ne-150-300 emnandi kuneswekile yesintu, ngelixa sikwaneekhalori eziphantsi. I-Stevioside ifumene udumo njengendawo yeswekile ngenxa yemvelaphi yayo yendalo kunye neenzuzo ezinokubakho zempilo. Ayincedi ekwandeni kwamanqanaba eswekile egazini, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe lukhetho olufanelekileyo kubantu abanesifo seswekile okanye abo bafuna ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini. Ukongeza, i-stevioside ifundwe ngendima yayo enokubakho ekuxhaseni ulawulo lobunzima kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokubola kwamazinyo. Ihlala isetyenziswa kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo zokutya neziselo, kubandakanya iziselo ezithambileyo, iyogathi, kunye nezinto ezibhakiweyo, njengendlela yendalo endaweni yeswekile yesintu. I-Stevioside ngokubanzi ibonwa njengekhuselekileyo (GRAS) yi-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) kwaye ivunyiwe ukuba isetyenziswe njengesithambisi kumazwe amaninzi kwihlabathi liphela.
B. Trehalose
I-Trehalose yiswekile yendalo engasebenzi kakuhle efumaneka kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo, kuquka amakhowa, ubusi, kunye nezidalwa ezithile zaselwandle. Yenziwe ngeemolekyuli ezimbini zeglucose kwaye yaziwa ngokukwazi kwayo ukugcina umswakama nokukhusela ulwakhiwo lweeseli, nto leyo eyenza ukuba isetyenziswe kakhulu njengearhente yokuzinzisa ukutya kunye neemveliso zamayeza. Ukongeza kwiimpawu zayo zokusebenza, i-trehalose ikwabonisa incasa emnandi, malunga ne-45-50% ubumnandi beswekile yendabuko. I-Trehalose ifumene ingqalelo ngenxa yeenzuzo zayo zempilo, kubandakanya indima yayo njengomthombo wamandla ekusebenzeni kweseli kunye nokukwazi kwayo ukuxhasa ukhuseleko lweseli kunye nokuqina. Ihlolisiswa ngezicelo zayo ezinokubakho ekukhuthazeni impilo yolusu, ukusebenza kwemithambo-luvo, kunye nempilo yentliziyo. Njenge-sweetener, i-trehalose isetyenziswa kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya i-ayisikhrim, ii-confectionery, kunye neempahla ezibhakiweyo, kwaye ixatyiswa ngokukwazi kwayo ukuphucula incasa kunye nokuthungwa ngelixa inegalelo kumgangatho uphela weemveliso zokutya.
Ezi sweeteners zendalo, i-stevioside kunye ne-trehalose, zibonelela ngeempawu ezahlukeneyo kunye neenzuzo ezinokubakho zempilo, nto leyo ezenza zibe ziindlela ezithandwayo kubantu abafuna ezinye iindlela zokwenza sweeteners ezisempilweni. Imvelaphi yazo yendalo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kwiimveliso zokutya neziselo kuye kwanegalelo ekusetyenzisweni kwazo ngokubanzi kunye nomtsalane phakathi kwabathengi abafuna ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwabo kweswekile yendabuko. Ukongeza, uphando oluqhubekayo luyaqhubeka nokuhlola iindima zabo ezinokubakho ekuxhaseni impilo-ntle iyonke.
VI. Uthelekiso lweeSweetener
A. Iziphumo zempilo: Izithambisi zokwenziwa:
I-Aspartame: I-Aspartame ibisoloko iyincasa ephikiswana ngayo, kwaye ezinye izifundo zibonisa unxibelelwano olunokubakho kwiingxaki ezahlukeneyo zempilo. Yaziwa ngokuba imnandi kakhulu kuneswekile kwaye idla ngokusetyenziswa njengendawo yeswekile kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokutya neziselo.
I-Acesulfame potassium: I-Acesulfame potassium siswiti esenziweyo esingenazo iikhalori. Idla ngokusetyenziswa kunye nezinye iziswiti kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo. Uphando ngemiphumo yaso yempilo yexesha elide luyaqhubeka.
I-Sucralose: I-Sucralose sisinongo esidumileyo sokwenziwa esifumaneka kwiimveliso ezininzi ezingenamakhalori aphantsi kwaye ezingenaswekile. Iyaziwa ngokuzinza kwayo kubushushu kwaye ifanelekile ukubhaka. Nangona abantu abaninzi beyibona ikhuselekile ukuyisebenzisa, ezinye izifundo ziphakamise imibuzo malunga nemiphumo enokubakho kwimpilo.
Iialcohol zeswekile:
I-Erythritol: I-Erythritol yiswekile efumaneka ngokwendalo kwezinye iziqhamo kunye nokutya okubilisiweyo. Ayinazo iikhalori kwaye ayichaphazeli amanqanaba eswekile egazini, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe siswiti esithandwayo kwabo batya ukutya okune-carb ephantsi.
IMannitol: IMannitol yiswekile esetyenziswa njengeswiti kunye nesihluzi. Inencasa ephantse ibe sisiqingatha seswekile kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiiswiti ezingenaswekile kunye neelekese zeswekile.
I-Xylitol: I-Xylitol lolunye utywala obuneswekile obusetyenziswa kakhulu endaweni yeswekile. Inencasa emnandi efana neyeswekile kwaye yaziwa ngeenzuzo zayo zamazinyo njengoko inokunceda ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kwamazinyo. I-Maltitol: I-Maltitol lutywala obuneswekile obusetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimveliso ezingenaswekile, kodwa inomxholo ophezulu weekhalori kunezinye ii-alcohols ezineswekile. Inencasa emnandi kwaye isetyenziswa rhoqo njengeswiti eninzi kwiilekese kunye needizethi ezingenaswekile.
Izinto ezingaqhelekanga nezingaqhelekanga zokuthambisa:
I-L-arabinose, i-L-fucose, i-L-rhamnose: Ezi swekile zinqabileyo zinophando olulinganiselweyo ngemiphumo yazo kwimpilo, kodwa azisetyenziswa kakhulu njengezinto ezibangela iincasa kwiimveliso zorhwebo.
I-Mogroside: Ivela kwisiqhamo se-monk, i-mogroside sisinongo sendalo esimnandi kakhulu kuneswekile. Isetyenziswa ngokwesiko kumazwe aseAsia kwaye ithandwa kakhulu njengeswiti yendalo kwishishini lezempilo.
I-Thaumatin: I-Thaumatin sisithambisi seproteni sendalo esithathwe kwisiqhamo se-katemfe saseNtshona Afrika. Saziwa ngencasa yaso emnandi kakhulu kwaye sisetyenziswa njengesithambisi sendalo kunye nokuguqula incasa kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo.
Izithambisi zendalo:
Ii-glycosides zeSteviol: Ii-glycosides zeSteviol zii-glycosides ezithathwe kumagqabi esityalo seStevia. Yaziwa ngencasa yayo emnandi kakhulu kwaye isetyenzisiwe njengeswiti yendalo kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zeemveliso zokutya neziselo.
I-Trehalose: I-Trehalose yi-disaccharide yendalo efumaneka kwizinto eziphilayo ezithile, kuquka izityalo kunye neentsholongwane. Iyaziwa ngokukwazi kwayo ukuzinzisa iiproteni kwaye isetyenziswa njengeswiti kunye ne-stabilizer ekutyeni okucutshungulwayo.
B. Ubumnandi:
Iiswiti zokwenziwa zihlala zimnandi kakhulu kuneswekile, kwaye inqanaba lobumnandi lohlobo ngalunye liyahluka. Umzekelo, i-aspartame kunye ne-sucralose zimnandi kakhulu kuneswekile, ngoko ke amanani amancinci angasetyenziselwa ukufikelela kwinqanaba lobumnandi obufunekayo. Ubumnandi bee-alcohols zeswekile bufana neswekile, ubumnandi be-erythritol bumalunga ne-60-80% ye-sucrose, kwaye ubumnandi be-xylitol bufana neswekile.
Iiswiti ezingaqhelekanga nezingaqhelekanga ezifana ne-mogroside kunye ne-thaumatin zaziwa ngobumnandi bazo obunamandla, zihlala zinamandla amakhulu kuneswekile. Iiswiti zendalo ezifana ne-stevia kunye ne-trehalose nazo zimnandi kakhulu. I-Stevia imnandi ngokuphindwe ka-200-350 kuneswekile, ngelixa i-trehalose imnandi ngokuphindwe ka-45-60% kune-sucrose.
C. Izicelo ezifanelekileyo:
Iiswiti zokwenziwa zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zeemveliso ezingenaswekile okanye ezineekhalori eziphantsi, kuquka iziselo, iimveliso zobisi, izinto ezibhakiweyo, kunye neeswiti eziphezu kwetafile. Iiswekile ezinxilisayo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiitshungama ezingenaswekile, iilekese, kunye nezinye iimveliso zeeswiti, kunye nokutya okufanelekileyo kubantu abanesifo seswekile. Iiswiti ezinqabileyo nezingaqhelekanga ezifana ne-mogroside kunye ne-thaumatin zisetyenziswa kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zeemveliso zokutya neziselo kunye nakwishishini lamayeza kunye nezongezo zokutya.
Izithambisi zendalo ezifana ne-stevia kunye ne-trehalose zisetyenziswa kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya iziselo ezibandayo, iidizethi, kunye namanzi anencasa, kunye nokutya okucutshungulwayo okufana nezithambisi kunye neziqinisi. Besebenzisa olu lwazi, abantu banokwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nokuba zeziphi izithambisi ekufuneka bazifake kwiindlela zabo zokutya kunye neeresiphi ngokusekelwe kwimiphumo yempilo, amanqanaba encasa, kunye nokusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo.
VII. Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe kunye neengcebiso
A. Imiqathango Yokutya:
Izinto zokuthambisa ezenziweyo:
I-Aspartame, i-Acesulfame Potassium, kunye ne-Sucralose zisetyenziswa kakhulu kodwa zisenokungafaneleki kubantu abane-phenylketonuria, isifo esizuzwe njengelifa esithintela ukuqhekeka kwe-phenylalanine, inxalenye ye-aspartame.
IiAlcohol zeShukela:
I-Erythritol, iMannitol, iXylitol, kunye neMaltitol zii-alcohols ezineswekile ezinokubangela iingxaki zokugaya ukutya ezifana nokudumba kunye norhudo kwabanye abantu, ngoko ke abo banesifo sokungakhululeki kufuneka bazisebenzise ngononophelo.
Izinto ezingaqhelekanga nezingaqhelekanga zokuthambisa:
I-L-Arabinose, i-L-Fucose, i-L-Rhamnose, i-Mogroside, kunye ne-Thaumatin azixhaphakanga kangako kwaye zisenokungabi namiqathango ithile yokutya, kodwa abantu abanesifo sokungaziva okanye i-allergies kufuneka bahlale bejongana nomboneleli wezempilo ngaphambi kokuba bayisebenzise.
Izinto ezibangela ubumnandi bendalo:
I-Stevioside kunye ne-Trehalose zizinto eziswiti zendalo kwaye zihlala zinyamezela, kodwa abantu abanesifo seswekile okanye ezinye izifo kufuneka badibane nomboneleli wezempilo ngaphambi kokuba bazifake ekutyeni kwabo.
B. Iindlela Ezifanelekileyo Zokusebenzisa Izinto Ezimnandi Ezahlukeneyo:
Izinto zokuthambisa ezenziweyo:
I-Aspartame, i-Acesulfame Potassium, kunye ne-Sucralose zihlala zisetyenziswa kwi-diet sodas, kwiimveliso ezingenaswekile, nakwizithambisi zetafile.
IiAlcohol zeShukela:
I-Erythritol, i-Xylitol, kunye ne-Mannitol zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiilekese ezingenaswekile, itshungama yokutshiza, kunye neemveliso ezinobuhlobo nesifo seswekile ngenxa yokuba azinampembelelo ingako kwiswekile yegazi.
Izinto ezingaqhelekanga nezingaqhelekanga zokuthambisa:
I-L-Arabinose, i-L-Fucose, i-L-Rhamnose, i-Mogroside, kunye ne-Thaumatin zinokufumaneka kukutya okukhethekileyo okunempilo, izinto eziswiti zendalo, kunye nezinye izinto ezithatha indawo yeswekile kwiimveliso ezithile.
Izinto ezibangela ubumnandi bendalo:
I-Stevioside kunye ne-Trehalose zihlala zisetyenziswa kwi-sweeteners zendalo, kwiimveliso zokubhaka ezikhethekileyo, nakwizinto ezithatha indawo yeswekile ekutyeni naseziseloni ezikhathalele impilo.
C. Kutheni iiSweeteners zeNdalo zingcono?
Izithambisi zendalo zihlala zithathwa njengezingcono kunezithambisi zokwenziwa ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo:
Iingenelo zeMpilo: Izithambisi zendalo zifumaneka kwizityalo okanye kwimithombo yendalo kwaye zihlala zingacutshungulwanga kangako kunezithambisi zokwenziwa. Zinokuba nezondlo ezongezelelweyo kunye neekhemikhali zephyto ezinokubonelela ngezibonelelo zempilo.
Isalathisi seGlycemic esiphantsi: Iiswiti ezininzi zendalo zinempembelelo encinci kumanqanaba eswekile yegazi xa kuthelekiswa neeswekile ezicociweyo kunye neeswiti zokwenziwa, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zifaneleke kubantu abanesifo seswekile okanye abo bajonga amanqanaba eswekile egazini labo.
Izithako Ezimbalwa: Izithako zendalo zihlala zinezithako kunye neekhemikhali ezimbalwa xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izithako zokwenziwa, nto leyo enokuba nomtsalane kubantu abafuna ukutya okunendalo kwaye okungaxutywanga kakhulu.
Inomtsalane weLebheli ecocekileyo: Izithambisi zendalo zihlala zinomtsalane "welebheli ecocekileyo", oko kuthetha ukuba zibonwa njengezendalo kwaye zisempilweni ngabathengi abaqaphela izithako ezikukutya kwabo nakwiziselo zabo.
Ithuba Lokuba NeeCaloric Eziphantsi: Ezinye izithambisi zendalo, ezifana ne-stevia kunye ne-monk fruit, zineekhalori eziphantsi kakhulu okanye azinazo kwaphela iikhalori, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zibe nomtsalane kubantu abafuna ukunciphisa ukutya kwabo iikhalori.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba nangona izithambisi zendalo zineengenelo ezinokubakho, ukulinganisela kubalulekile ekutyeni naluphi na uhlobo lwesithambisi, sendalo okanye sokwenziwa. Ukongeza, abanye abantu banokuba nobuthathaka okanye ukunganyamezelani nezinye izithambisi zendalo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iimfuno zempilo zomntu ngamnye kunye nezinto azikhethayo xa ekhetha isithambisi.
D. Ungazithenga phi iisweeteners zendalo?
I-BIOWAY ORGANIC ibisebenza kwi-R&D yee-sweeteners ukusukela ngo-2009 kwaye singabonelela ngezi sweeteners zendalo zilandelayo:
I-Stevia: I-sweetener esekwe kwizityalo, i-stevia isuka kumagqabi esityalo se-stevia kwaye yaziwa ngokuba ayinazo iikhalori kwaye inamandla aphezulu obumnandi.
I-Monk Fruit Extract: Esi sinongo sendalo sivela kwisiqhamo se-monk, sine-glycemic index ephantsi kwaye sityebile kwii-antioxidants.
I-Xylitol: I-xylitol, iswekile ephuma kwizityalo, ine-glycemic index ephantsi kwaye yaziwa ngokukwazi kwayo ukugcina impilo yomlomo.
I-Erythritol: Enye i-alcohol eneswekile, i-erythritol, ifumaneka kwiziqhamo nemifuno kwaye inomxholo ophantsi weekhalori.
I-Inulin: I-inulin yi-prebiotic fiber ephuma kwizityalo, kwaye sisinongo esineekhalori eziphantsi esityebileyo kwizakhamzimba kwaye sinceda ukuxhasa impilo yokugaya ukutya.
Sazise nje isicelo sakho aphagrace@biowaycn.com.
VIII. Isiphelo
Kuyo yonke le ngxoxo, sihlolisise iintlobo ngeentlobo zezithambisi zendalo kunye neempawu zazo ezizodwa. Ukusuka kwi-stevia ukuya kwi-monk fruit extract, i-xylitol, i-erythritol, kunye ne-inulin, i-sweetener nganye inika izibonelelo ezithile, nokuba ngumxholo we-zero calories, i-low glycemic index, okanye ezinye izibonelelo zempilo ezifana ne-antioxidants okanye inkxaso yokugaya ukutya. Ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kwezi zithambisi zendalo kunokunceda abathengi ukuba benze ukhetho olunolwazi oluhambelana nempilo yabo kunye nendlela abaphila ngayo.
Njengabathengi, ukwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga neeswiti esizisebenzisayo kubalulekile kwimpilo yethu nakwimpilo-ntle yethu. Ngokufunda ngeeswiti ezahlukeneyo zendalo ezikhoyo kunye neenzuzo zazo, sinokwenza izigqibo eziqondayo ezixhasa iinjongo zethu zokutya. Nokuba kukunciphisa ukutya kwethu iswekile, ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini, okanye ukukhangela ezinye iindlela ezinempilo, ukukhetha iiswiti zendalo kunokuchaphazela impilo-ntle yethu iyonke. Masiqhubeke sihlola kwaye samkele ubutyebi beeswiti zendalo ezikhoyo, sizinike amandla ngolwazi lokwenza ukhetho olufanelekileyo kwimizimba yethu nakwimpilo yethu.
Ixesha leposi: Jan-05-2024
